THE IMPLEMENTATION OF
CONTEXTUAL
TEACHING AND LEARNING
(CTL) IN THE TEACHING WRITING FOR THE EIGHT YEARS OF
SMP NEGERI 1 LAMONGAN
By:
ALFIDAH ISBAROROH
060510462
bersama dengan munirarber.blogspot.com
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
A.
Background of Study
English is an
international language that has an important role in the world of knowledge,
and it is used for human communication in the Indonesia and the other country.
English foreign language has been taught from Elementary school until
university.
The general
objective of English teaching as a foreign language in Indonesia is to make the
students be able to understand the language correctly. Beside, they can face
globalization era like AFTA (Asian Free Trade Area), AFLA (Asian Free Labor
Area). The Director of Pacific Economic Cooperation (Tilaar, 1998) had said,
countries especially in Asia Pacific have outward and forward.
There are four
language English skills, they are speaking, reading, listening and writing. The
student should to know them and they could not understand the language well
without mastering those skills.
Nevertheless,
English is still though as subject that is difficult to study after Mathematic
and Physic. Writing is considered difficult by most students. Although students
can speak English, but they still can’t write well. This indicates that
constant and systematic, training is needed for students.
Writing is one of
abilities to communicate mind or ideas through written symbol. There are some
elements those are considered in writing. They are grammar literary style,
mechanism and vocabulary. Most students are still confused in using grammar,
because in Junior High School level, grammar is not taught separately. So, most
students still can not understand about grammar. A solution is needed to help
the students to increase their ability in writing. In order that students have
positive attitude and success in learning, teacher must use suitable techniques
and suitable curriculum (Dalyono, 1997:59)
There are many
techniques or approaches that usually used by teacher to teach their students.
But, here the writer chooses Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) approach in
the teaching writing. Basically, Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) tries
to cover some important points of the other approaches that are considered
capable to stimulate the students to learn and use the English Language in
their real life.
Contextual directs
the uniting of the abstract an the concrete, the thought and the action, and
the concept and the practice. In brief, “Contextual Teaching and Learning tries
to heal the chasm between theoretical and practical learning”.
Every
implementation is not perfect, so the writer is interested to make a research
in this field “The Implementation of Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) in
the Teaching Writing for the Eight Years of SMP Negeri 1 Lamongan in academic
2008/2009.”
B.
Problem of Study
Related to the
background of the problem above, so the writer wants to formulate this problem
as follow:
1.
How is Contextual Teaching and
Learning (CTL) applied in teaching writing at Eight Years of SMP Negeri 1
Lamongan?
2.
What are the advantages and
disadvantages of teaching writing by using contextual teaching and learning at
eight years student of SMP Negeri 1 Lamongan?
C.
Objective of Study
Based on the
problem of the study above, the objective of study are:
1.
To know how to apply the
contextual teaching and learning in teaching writing at eight years student of
SMP Negeri 1 Lamongan.
2.
To know the advantages and
disadvantages of teaching writing by using Contextual Teaching and Learning at
eight years student of SMP Negeri 1 Lamongan.
D.
Importance of The Study
This thesis is used
to feedback for the English teachers and students, in order to improve the
English teaching learning process.
E.
Limitation Of The
Problem
As we have known
that there are many elements of writing. So, it is impossible for the writer to
research all of them at the same time. Therefore she wants to limit her study in
order that the problems analyzed are not too broad.
The writer limits
her self to describe the implementation of Contextual Teaching and Learning
(CTL) in the teaching writing for the eight years of SMP Negeri 1 Lamongan in
academic year 2008/2009.
F.
Definition of The Key
Terms
1.Implementation
Is the realization of an
application, or execution of a plan, idea, model, design, specification,
standard, or policy.
(http:en.wikipedia.org/wiki/implementation).
2.Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL)
-
is an approach of teaching and
learning which helps the teacher to relate his teaching materials and
activities to the real experience so that the students connect their knowledge
and experience to their daily lives as member of society. (C-STARS: 2001)
-
is an educational process that
aims to help students see meaning in the academic material they are studying by
connecting academic subjects with the context of their daily lives, that is,
with the context of their personal, social and cultural circumstances.
(Johnson, 2002: 25)
3.Teaching Writing
-
Teaching is helps the students
to get information, idea, skill, values, way of think, facility to express their
selves, and study how to study. (Joyce, Weil & Showers: 1992)
-
Writing is mark (letters or
other symbols) on a surface, especially with a pen or pencil, or a report book.
(Oxford Learner’s Pocket Dictionary, New Edition, 1991)
CHAPTER II
LITERATURE
A.
Teaching Writing
1.
Teaching
a.
Teaching is guiding and
facilitating learning, setting the condition for learning (Kasbolah, Kasihani,
1993: 10)
b.
Teaching is helps the students
to get information, idea, skill, values, way of think, facility to express
their selves, and study how to study. In this case a teacher is a facilitator
who gives facilities to their students in order get easily in learning. (Joyce,
Weil & Showers: 1992)
2.
Writing
Swales and Feak (1994: 34) say that
writing is a complex sociognitive process involving the construction of
recorded message on paper or some other material, and more recently, or complex
screen.
3.
Teaching Writing
Teaching writing is the method of
teaching of writing, a learning of students how to write well.
B.
Contextual Teaching and
Learning
1.
The Definition of Contextual
Teaching and Learning
a.
Is an approach of teaching and
learning which helps the teacher to relate his teaching materials and
activities to the real experience so that the students connect their knowledge
and experience to their daily lives as a member of society. (C-STARS: 2001)
b.
Is an educational process that
aims to help students see meaning in the academic material which hey are
studying by connecting academic subjects with the context of their daily lives,
with the context of their personal, social and cultural circumstance. (Johnson,
2002 : 25)
2.
The Elements of CTL
There are seven elements of CTL (Depdiknas : 2002), are:
a.
Constructivism
b.
Inquiry
c.
Questioning
d.
Learning community
e.
Modeling
f.
Authentic Assessment
g.
Reflection
3.
There are two kinds of CTL
They are:
1)
Indoor Activity
a.
Group writing activity
b.
Peer editing
c.
Dialogue Journal
2)
Out Door Activity
a.
Simple neighborhood walk
b.
Short neighborhood walk
C.
Writing Skill
Writing skill is an
aspect skill that used to indirect communication and it’s must through exercise
and practice to write or arranges. If we want to write well we must understand
about grammar and vocabulary and also steps how to write well.
1.
Simple Writing Practice
a.
Writing words / hand writing /
selling
b.
Substitution tables
c.
Progressive Delectation
2.
Elementary to Intermediate
Writing Task
a.
Read then write
b.
Speak then write
c.
Oral practice activities for writing
practice
3.
Grammar
a.
Demonstrative
b.
Imperative Sentence
c.
Simple Present Tense
d.
Present Perfect Tense
e.
Direct and Indirect Speech
f.
Adjective Clause
CHAPTER III
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
A.
The Design of The
Research
This research will
use a descriptive qualitative research. This research will try to investigate
analyze phenomenon in the implementation of contextual teaching and learning
(CTL) in teaching writing.
B.
Subject of The Data
The population in
this research are teachers and students in SMP Negeri 1 Lamongan, especially
the Eight B (VIII B) and the eight G (VIII G).
C.
Data Collection
Technique
There are three
ways of collecting data in this research, are:
1.
Documentation
2.
Observation
3.
Interview
4.
Test
D.
Method of Data Analysis
The writer will use
qualitative approach to analyze the data, (Analyze of Document Result, Analyze
of Observation result, Analyze of interview result, and Analyze of Test
Result).
